HUM/REL 493 - Continuation of Intermediate Latin
Course Notes - Week 14
The photo on page 273 is of the Capitoline she-wolf, with the babies Romulus and Remus. The statue of the wolf is Etruscan, dating to the 5th century BC. The babies were added later (by Pollaiodo in the 15th century). The statue is now in the Capitoline Museum in Rome.
The photo on page 276 is of a Roman coin showing the she-wolf with the babies. The Romans believed that the she-wolf lived in a cave called the Lupercal, which they thought was at the southwest foot of the Palatine.
The photo on page 278 shows the Tiber River, with Tiber Island in the center. Rome was situated at the crossroads between the old Salt Road to the salt pans at the mouth of the Tiber River and the main river-crossing between Etruria and Latium.
The photo on page 280 shows a part of the Ara Pacis in Rome, dating to 13-9 BC. The Altar commemorated the Peace of Augustus. The figure may be Venus, or Roma, or Italia, with the two boys, surrounded by symbols of fertility and happiness.
The photo on page 282 shows part of a mosaic floor from a Roman villa in Carthage, showing the she-wolf with the twins.
The photo on page 284 shows the Roman Forum, with the Palatine in the background. The remains of the Basilica Julia are in the center.
The photo on page 286 shows a detail from a statue of Antoninus Pius, now in the Vatican Museum. The figures of the twins and the she-wolf were used to decorate the center of a shield.
The photo on page 289 shows a silver denarius, now in the British Museum. On the obverse Julius Caesar is shown wearing a laurel wreath, with the words CAESAR DICT(ATOR) QUART(O) - "Caesar, Dictator for the fourth time". To the left of his head is the lituus (staff with a curved top) which was part of the insignia of the priestly Collegium of Augurs. It was believed that Romulus had founded the Collegium of Augurs. The reverse of the coin shows Juno with a shield and a spear.
The photo on page 290 is of a funerary urn, ca. 9th century BC, modeled on the rounded huts in which the early inhabitants of the region used to live. Faustulus would probably have lived in such a hut. Archaeologists have found remains of such huts on the Palatine.
The photo on page 291 is of part of an inscription from the Palace of Domitian. Originally there would have been bronze letters fastened to the marble engraving.
Livy (59BC - ca. AD 17) seems only to have written histories - he wrote 142 books of history, but not all of them have survived to the present. Livy was dealing with events remembered from centuries earlier, and there were often conflicting traditions or accounts. Livy often did not try to reconcile the versions, but presented both, remarking that he did not know which was nearer the truth.
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